However, he is most well-known for two significant contributions to modern technologythe reCAPTCHA system and Duolingo. "Luis W. In 1925, Alfonso Caso y Andrade added an M.A. (July 4, 2014) http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/60347/Baruj-Benacerraf, Encyclopedia Britannica. On the Dec. 12 episode of Sundial we are remembering the father of the ventanitas, Felipe Valls Sr. the inventor of the Miami coffee window and founder of arguably the most famous Cuban . Read more about Cuban inventions in How communism turned Cuba into an island of hackers and DIY engineers. The movable type he used made mass printing possible and brought books and reading to the masses. Try this: Look around your classroom or home and find all the devices that use USB ports and technology. Here are a few basic designs to get you started. (July 3, 2014) http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1995/molina-bio.html, Molina, Mario J. He was prolific, but his best-known inventions include the incandescent light bulb, phonograph, and an early movie camera. Many of the greatest Hispanic scientists are people you may not have learned about in school. During that time, Finlay didnt give up on his research. "Nobel Lecture: My Life with O3, NOX and other YZOXs." Learn more: Louis Daguerre, Inventor of Daguerreotype Photography (ThoughtCo). "Leprosy Vaccine Scientist Dies, Aged 100." Reuters. He spent much of his career working for NASAs Jet Propulsion Laboratory, and his innovations in aerospace technology are legendary. 15 Famous Cuban-Americans | Time (July 7, 2014) http://jnnp.bmj.com/content/65/2/268.full, Houssay, Bernardo. June 9, 2017. There is more to the list of famous Cubans than you can fathom. Heres why each season begins twice. Try one of these kid-safe electricity experiments to follow in his footsteps. 15 Famous Cuban-Americans Gloria Estefan Born in Havana, Estefan is arguably Cuba's most famous singer. Try this: Da Vinci was fascinated by flying machines. Biographies of famous latin or hispanic inventors from the latin world: Narciso Monturiol, Ellen Ochoa, Baruj Benacerraf, Carlos Finlay, Bernardo Houssay, Luis Federico Leloir, Milstein, Severo Ochoa de Albornoz, Santiago Ram Cajal and Miguel Servet. Learn more about Friends of the NewsHour. But, beyond localized ecological concerns over DDT and the vaguer terror of nuclear winter, by the early 1970s we hadn't much considered the potentially global consequences of industry and chemistry. By studying burial offerings there, he proved that the Mixtec people succeeded the Zapotec as masters of the city. (July 3, 2014) http://www.the-scientist.com/?articles.view/articleNo/37619/title/The-Leprosy-Bacillus--circa-1873/, Special Offer on Antivirus Software From HowStuffWorks and TotalAV Security, Franklin Chang-Daz (1950-) and Ellen Ochoa (1958-), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Missed in History: Luis Alvarez Part I (podcast), Missed in History: Luis Alvarez Part II (podcast), 12 Deadly Diseases Cured in the 20th Century. Eco-friendly burial alternatives, explained. (July 4, 2014) http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/18131/Luis-W-Alvarez, Frierson, J. Gordon. He tested its efficacy in children against diffuse pontine glioma (aggressive and difficult-to-treat brain tumors) across multiple sites in Canada and the U.S., and found that the drug wasnt effective. He was the first African-American to hold a patent for a process known as dry scouring. Today, we call it dry cleaning. Biographies of famous latin or hispanic inventors from the latin world: Narciso Monturiol, Ellen Ochoa, Baruj Benacerraf, Carlos Finlay, Bernardo Houssay, Luis Federico Leloir, Milstein, Severo Ochoa de Albornoz, Santiago Ram Cajal and Miguel Servet. Andy Ruiz, one of the only people producing 360 degree videos in Cuba, gets the technology brought in from connections in America. These ulcers can become vulnerable to gangrene (tissue death), and in a worst-case scenario can result in toe, foot or leg amputations. As a child in Mexico City, Molina admired his aunt, a chemist, and emulated her by converting a spare bathroom into a makeshift chemistry lab. (July 7, 2014) http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1970/leloir-bio.html. May 13, 2014. April 1971. She has a degree in Secondary English Education and has taught in middle and high school classrooms. "Franklin R. Chang-Daz (Ph.D.)" September 2012. 2014. Try this: Put together a basic rubber band shooter, then see if you can tinker around to improve the designs distance or accuracy. (July 4, 2014) http://www.nytimes.com/1988/09/02/obituaries/luis-w-alvarez-nobel-physicist-who-explored-atom-dies-at-77.html, The Telegraph (UK). Perhaps the most well-known Cuban innovation is the vaccine CimaVax. Head and neck cancers make up approximately 3 percent of all cancers in the U.S., affecting about 52,000 Americans every year. (July 7, 2014) http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1984/, Nobel Prize. Photo by Desmond Boylan/Reuters RIGHT: Farmer Carlos Frachi invented a crop irrigation system using soda bottles. Many Cubans can't get parts to fix the old American and Russian cars, but adding electronic entertainment is becoming popular. You can thank Marie Van Brittan Brown. Haas, L. F. "Carlos Juan Finlay y Barres (1833-1915)." Known for: Da Vinci was the original Renaissance Man. She was the first African-American female doctor to receive a medical patent. Kids will be astonished! (July 3, 2014) http://www.who.int/lep/situation/latestdata/en/, World Health Organization. "Role Models in Science & Engineering Achievement: Bernardo Alberto Houssay." But after President Obama lowered sanctions in 2009, restored diplomatic ties in 2014, and removed Cuba from the State Sponsors of Terrorism list in 2015a digital revolution has dawned. C CID-201 CimaVax-EGF M Mojito N Nimotuzumab R Rum and Coke This list may not reflect recent changes . Even before a reliable Internet connection, Cubans had created their own versions of Craigslist, Yelp, and eBay. Try this: Learn how to make your own incandescent light bulb using a glass jar and a battery. He shared the award with George D. Snell, who uncovered the initial evidence for the MHC in the 1940s in mice, and Jean Dausset, the first to find a human compatibility antigen [sources: Benacerraf; Encyclopaedia Britannica; Nobel Prize]. "Award Ceremony Speech: Luis Alvarez." Cancer is not one disease, but a collection of hundreds of different illnesses. In fact, Lee said, Roswell Park is preparing for another clinical trial of Nimotuzumab in combination with an FDA-approved treatment to see how effective it will be against lung cancer. Known for: Gutenberg was the first European to invent the printing press. mon - fri 8.00 am - 4.00 pm #22 beetham gardens highway, port of spain, trinidad +1 868-625-9028 "The Leprosy Bacillus, Circa 1873." Her stories have appeared in the New York Times, the Washington Post and National Geographic. March 26, 2002. Known for: At a time when most Black men in the United States were slaves, Jennings was born free in New York City. 1.. 7 Groundbreaking Inventions by Latino Innovators - HISTORY With his robotics training, Fernndez has created a Roomba from scratch using processors brought into the country by his friends. "Frank Asaro, Berkeley Lab Nuclear Chemist, Dies at 86." Known for: In his work as a professional scene painter for the opera, Daguerre began experimenting with camera obscura for painting large backdrops. Much of his early work concerned controlled fusion and fusion reactor design. "Mario J. Molina -- Biographical." 1968. She was nominated for the position by President Barack Obama. May 9, 2012. Try this: Explore the history of the internet and find out what early web pages looked like. Today, 50 plant species are named for her. June 2010. You may not know what reCAPTCHA is, but you see it almost every time you sign into a new website. The roughly 5,000-year-old human remains were found in graves from the Yamnaya culture, and the discovery may partially explain their rapid expansion throughout Europe. Their flight marked the first engine-powered manned aircraft. Andrs Arturo Garca Menndez, professionally known as Andy Garcia, is a Cuban American actor. Since then, researchers have applied his technique to other antibody hybrids and produced a versatile array of assays and diagnostics, including tools used in pregnancy tests, biomarkers, cancer treatments, highly specific vaccines, and blood and tissue typing [sources: Encyclopaedia Britannica; Chang; Telegraph UK]. Electronics are still hard to buy in Cuba, and often come from relatives who live in the United States. Together with the linear accelerators that he helped pioneer, these revolutionized the discovery of elemental particles, which he and his team discovered by the truckload [sources: Encyclopaedia Britannica; Nobel Prize; PBS; Sullivan; Wohl]. "Ellen Ochoa (Ph. Margarita Carmen Cansino was one of the biggest movie stars in the world in the 1940s and '50s. "Cesar Milstein." Ruiz pays contacts in the U.S. to buy and bring the necessary technology to Havana. newsletter for analysis you wont find anywhereelse. Learn more: Ralph H. Baer, National Center for Simulation. The Daily Californian. He became an American citizen in 1977. Hes known as the Father of the Video Game and helped develop some of the earliest gaming consoles. Thank you. The new year once started in Marchhere's why, Jimmy Carter on the greatest challenges of the 21st century, This ancient Greek warship ruled the Mediterranean, How cosmic rays helped find a tunnel in Egypt's Great Pyramid, Who first rode horses? Dictionary of World Biography. By most measures, the United States' business-friendly environment has proven to be fertile for medical innovation. About 1.7 million Americans will be diagnosed with cancer this year, and about 600,000 are expected to die of it. March 2014. Among younger generations, the music scene has taken a turn toward house and electronica. Theater and dance were given to the masses for almost nothing. "Baruj Benacerraf -- Biographical." Why wetlands are so critical for life on Earth, Rest in compost? Gloria Estefan. "Csar Milstein -- Biographical." A taxi driver runs through his route in Havana playing a music video on a small screen hooked up to his dash. Rum And Coke Rum and coke, also known as Cuba Libre, was invented after Cuba gained independence after the Spanish-American War. Travis Daub Born in Buenos Aires, Argentina, Houssay performed research in circulation, respiration, immunity, the nervous system, digestion and the treatment of insect and snake bites. Category:Cuban inventions Category Talk Edit View history Help Cuba portal Pages in category "Cuban inventions" The following 5 pages are in this category, out of 5 total. He studied in Mexico and abroad, and made his groundbreaking discovery concerning CFCs during his postdoctoral stint with Rowland at University of California, Irvine. Since 2007, the most important method of distributing the Internet has been the El Paquete Semanalor, The Weekly Package. The New York Times. 10 Hispanic Scientists You Didn't Learn About In School This bicycle has a soda bottle for a fuel tank. More Americans die from lung cancer than from any other type of cancer, which is why many people are eager for CimaVax to hit the U.S. market soon. Nicholas Gerbis Innovators and Inventors Andy Ruiz is one of the first to produce 360-degree video in Cuba. One of the first Black women in U.S. history to receive a patent, she expanded upon . Read more about Cuban inventions in How communism turned Cuba into an island of hackers and DIY engineers. Music isnt the only art form transforming as Cuba opens. "Death Notices (Alfonso Caso Andrade, Merle H. Photo by Ernesto Oroza & Penelope de Bozzi. Travis Daub, Jenny Marder "Nobel Prize. Photo by Ernesto. Nowhere is the old adage about necessity breeding innovation more true than in Cuba. After the war, he worked on the first proton linear accelerator and was awarded the 1968 Nobel Prize in physics for his work with elementary particles [sources: Encyclopaedia Britannica; PBS; Sullivan; Wohl]. Alcohol and tobacco use, as well as human papillomavirus, are major risk factors of the diseases. famous cuban inventions Photo by Ernesto Oroza & Penelope de Bozzi. "Baruj Benacerraf." A pacifist, he refused a series of defense industry positions during the Cold War arms race, instead conducting research and teaching physics at the University of the Redlands, Baghdad University, MIT, and Harvey Mudd College. To tackle the task, Alvarez developed his own bubble chamber, camera stabilizers and a computerized system for analyzing bubble photographs. Try this: Wow your science fair judges by building a Tesla Coil of your own. The trade embargo is holding up research in some crucial areas. 1970. The late 20th century was marked by the recognition that humans could significantly affect the environment, even Earth itself. It is transmitted by sand fly bites [source: BBC; Encyclopaedia Britannica; Chinea]. Given the thousands of lives he saved and the decades of scorn he endured, we'd say he deserved them. . 17 July 2014. "J. Luis Federico Leloir, or How to Do Good Science in a Hostile Environment." Try this: Understand more about the anatomy of the eye by building a 3D human eye model. Long COVID patients turn to unproven treatments, Why evenings can be harder on people with dementia, This disease often goes under-diagnosedunless youre white, This sacred site could be Georgias first national park, See glow-in-the-dark mushrooms in Brazils other rainforest, 9 things to know about Holi, Indias most colorful festival, Anyone can discover a fossil on this beach. Learn more: Alexander Graham Bell (Brittanica). May, Leopold. Physicists had already constructed cloud chambers and bubble chambers, which spotted speeding, charged particles via condensing vapor or boiling liquid. Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine. famous cuban inventions Currently a faculty member at the Institute for Advanced Studies, he has been awarded the Fundamental Physics Prize (2012) and appeared on the Einsteins Dream episode of PBSs Big Ideas. According to an article in the Harvard International Review, the country invests 1.17 percent of its GDP in technological researchmore than the U.S. and on the same level with Israel. Sep. 29, 2006. Jony Ive. "If people knew about these cutting-edge treatments coming out of Cuba, people would want to have them," said Pierre LaRame, executive director of the Oakland-based Medical Education Cooperation with Cuba, which advocates for Cuban medical inventions in the U.S. and publishes an international, peer-reviewed journal focusing on Cuban health and medicine. He spent the rest of his career at Cambridge and held dual Argentine-British citizenship [sources: Chang; Nobel Prize; Telegraph UK]. Later, he led fusion propulsion teams at MIT and Johnson Space Center (JSC) on projects with potential Mars mission applications. in the subject to his philosophy master's degree and law degree, all from the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) [sources: Anthropology News; Encyclopaedia Britannica; Gaillard; Smithsonian]. June 18, 2014. 6: Luis Alvarez (1911-1988) Father-and-son research team Luis and Walter Alvarez peer through a star dome, which shows the orbit and location, relative to Earth, of stars and constellations. regional theatre auditions As an archaeologist, he fought against a prevailing idea that Mesoamerican cultures must have developed from the expansion of ancient Egyptian or Chinese cultures. Sundial: He invented our Cuban coffee 'ventanitas.' How Versailles The findings shed new light on the sophistication and development of pre-Hispanic peoples in Mexico and cemented Casos reputation as a leading archaeologist. A Julin Acua Gal C Fidel Castro Daz-Balart D Jos Daporta Gozlez E Ernesto Estrada F Carlos Finlay G Alberto Granado M Hctor Maseda Gutirrez Jos Carlos Mills Hilda Molina N Desiderio Navarro P Leopoldo Pando Zayas Javier Perez-Capdevila Fidel died in late 2016, and now Cubans are watching to see what further technological advances will arrive on the island. Though Jobs went on to become more well-known, he and Wozniak worked together to build the Apple I, the home computer that launched a revolution. Milstein was born to poor immigrant parents in Baha Blanca, Argentina, and attended the universities of Buenos Aires and Cambridge, where he earned his Ph.D. By 2013, Heberprot-P had been registered in 15 other countries and used to treat more than 100,000 patients. Clockwise from left, in the photos above, the motors have been repurposed as coconut shredder, a key duplicator, a grinding wheel, and a shoe repair tool. (July 4, 2014) http://anthropology.si.edu/olmec/english/archaeologists/caso.htm, Sullivan, Walter. Deardoff)." Aug. 08 2001. In addition to CimaVax, Roswell Park is also investigating Racotumomab and VSSP -- two more promising cancer drugs invented by CIM. Unfortunately, the resulting soup of B cells and immunoglobulin is unsuited to targeted research. These animals can sniff it out. "Nobel Lecture: Polar Ozone Depletion." Jenny Marder. It's also trying to get clinical trials underway to replicate Cuban scientists findings, per U.S. Food and Drug Administration regulations. It has no known side effects, and the shot costs the Cuban government $1 to make. Now, wifi and warming relations with the U.S. are paving the way for a digital revolution. Though grouping such a diverse collection of people under a single rubric -- particularly the politically expedient but dubious term Hispanic isn't ideal, it does make room to explore their wide-ranging array of backgrounds and accomplishments. At the time, yellow fever still ravaged the tropics, terrorizing populations and disrupting shipping, especially in Havana [sources: Frierson; Haas; PBS; WHO; UVHSL]. List of Cubans - Wikipedia Known for: Ford not only invented the automobile; he also designed the assembly line. Thanks to Milsteins work, monoclonal antibodies are now used in everything from diagnostic tests to the treatments of several autoimmune diseases to alleviating COVID-19. He argued that evidence showed Indigenous peoples in the Americas formed their own cultures, independently of those in the Old World. Jill Staake is a Contributing Editor with WeAreTeachers. He died in 2020. She was the first Hispanic president of the American Public Health Association as well as a founding member of the Committee to End Sterilization Abuse, an organization that fought against the practice of forced sterilization. Known for: Kids may not give a lot of thought to cataracts, but they should still know about Dr. Bath. VSSP, originally designed as a compound to help boost the immune response to vaccines, also appears to enhance the anti-cancer immune response. How did this mountain lion reach an uninhabited island? Known for: When a medical condition caused her to lose much of her hair, Madam Walker invented a treatment system that completely revolutionized Black hair care. "Yellow Fever." Known for: While kids may not know Baers name, theyre sure to love his accomplishments. Try this: Assemble a homemade pulley system to mimic Jeffersons dumbwaiter. Here are a few basic designs to get you started. Subscribe to Heres the Deal, our politics His father hailed from Spanish Morocco, but he was greatly influenced by his French-Algerian mother's culture. Nimotuzumab has had orphan drug status in the U.S. for the treatment of glioma since 2004 and for pancreatic cancer since 2015. 64, no. Learn more: Our Dad Invented the N95 Mask. Here are three additional medical innovations that the U.S. could benefit from if relations between the U.S. and Cuba continue to thaw. Adalberto Alvarez. (July 9, 2014) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2892770/. Carlos Juan Finlay, the Cuban physician who first linked yellow fever to mosquitoes in 1881, has received both tributes. Charles Weymann - Aviator & Automotive Inventor - Kreol Magazine Dec. 8, 1995. Known for: Every time you plug your phone in to charge or attach a component to your laptop, you can thank Ajay Bhatt for inventing USB technology. Brilliant, bold, and brave, his inventions revolutionised the industry and changed the face of commercial cars forever . New music is taking over for salsa in Havana's hippest clubs. His swivel chair was an instant hit, and he also created the dumbwaiter system. Known for: Over the last year or so, Tsais invention has suddenly become world-famous. When does spring start? Spilling out of cafes and blasting from cars, music is a backdrop to daily life in Cuba. Try this: Learn Morse Code and tap out messages to friends and family. The White House is continuing to lift trade restrictions between the U.S. and Cuba. Leyanis Hernandez wears a pair of bluetooth headphones while skating with friends on Prado, the famous walkway in Central Havana. Try this: Use an app like Roblox to design and create your own video game experience. His impact was felt through his extensive papers, his widely published textbook, "Human Physiology," and his organization of the Institute of Physiology at the University of Buenos Aires, which produced such medical luminaries as Luis Leloir and Csar Milstein, both on this list [sources: Magill; Houssay; USASEF]. When the one-hour Internet cards sold at hotspots were prohibitively expensive (theyre more than $2double the average daily wage), savvy entrepreneurs started divvying them up and selling shorter, slower allotments. In 1993, astronaut Ellen Ochoa became the first Hispanic woman to go to space. "Renowned Venezuelan Expert on Leprosy Jacinto Convit Dies." Page 77. famous cuban inventors - woodenfloorbd.com What is wind chill, and how does it affect your body? Cuban inventor turns trash into farm tools | Reuters Learn more: Grace Murray HopperA Legacy of Innovation and Service. At home, he's building a Roomba vacuum from scratch. Cuban inventor Yolando Perez Paez uses his new makeshift crop spraying tool on a corn field at a farm near the village of Guira de Melenas in the province of Artemisa, some 50 km (31 miles). However, most transactions between Cuba and the U.S. are still prohibited, which is why Cuban drugs face additional regulatory hurdles for testing and marketing compared to other drugs developed overseas. Symptom reduction remains the only treatment; untreated, the disease has a 50 percent mortality rate. But over the years, scientists have developed a variety of different treatments that can transform cancer into a chronic, survivable condition. Havanas first independent electronic music studio was started by DJ Ra. Known for: When he wasnt writing the Declaration of Independence or being president, Jefferson loved to tinker. For any other drug that wasnt made in Cuba, Colevas said, that ratio would probably be reversed. Though you probably know her best by her stage name, Rita Hayworth. "The Yellow Fever Vaccine: A History." The Great Fever. (July 4, 2014) http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1980/benacerraf-bio.html, Chang, Kenneth. Racotumomab is in phase two and three trials in Cuba (these clinical trial stages assess effectiveness, side effects and adverse reactions), while VSSP is in early clinical trials. The seven-time Grammy Award winner. (July 7, 2014) http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/383094/Cesar-Milstein, Encyclopaedia Britannica. Read more about Cuban inventions in How communism turned Cuba into an island of hackers and DIY engineers. 2006. Find out how to build your own Da Vinci-style ornithopter with household items. Celia Cruz The most popular Latin musical artist of the 20th century was born in Havana, Cuba but spent most of her life in the United States. famous cuban inventors - cunninghamcerisywedding.com They may not have to wait long: Raul has promised to cede power in 2018, and a likely successor is Vice President Miguel Diaz-Canel, a frequent Facebook user. In 1984, Altarz created a band called "Adalberto Alvarez y su Son.". During World War II, he invented several radar applications, worked on the Manhattan Project and rode in a chase plane during the Enola Gay's Hiroshima bombing. (July 7, 2014) http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/fever/peopleevents/p_finlay.html, PBS. Learn more: Thomas Jennings, Smithsonian Magazine. Known for: Though hes often said to have invented peanut butter, Carvers many achievements didnt actually include that popular product. Known for: Dr. Tsukamoto is on the cutting edge of one of the most exciting new technologiesstem cells. But Caso's influence extended far beyond the sciences. Learn more: Thomas David Petite, Readworks. He created the N95 respirator mask, which helps keep people safe against airborne viruses. The rikimbili, prohibited, but widely used in Cuba, is made of a bicycle with a motor attached. A quick glance at Luis Alvarez's array of research and engineering projects reveals why colleagues described him as the "prize wild idea man." George Washington Carver, though famous for his idea of peanut butter, did far more than that. Along with fellow chemist Sherwood Rowland, Molina found that CFCschemicals commonly used as refrigerants, and colloquially known as Freonreleased into the atmosphere were contributing to ozone depletion. Read more about Cuban inventions in How communism turned Cuba into an island of hackers and DIY engineers. Please copy/paste the following text to properly cite this HowStuffWorks.com article: Severo Ochoa, who was born and educated in Spain, is the most famous Hispanic scientist. Monoclonal antibodies in the medicine attach to epidermal growth factor receptors on the surface of the cancer cell, thus preventing it from dividing and spreading the cancer. These include the aerial screw, which led to modern helicopters, and an underwater diving suit that was the precursor to todays scuba gear. Oct. 1, 2013. He founded the Native American Intellectual Property Enterprise Council to help fellow Native American inventors. Magill, Frank. Travis Daub is Director of Digital at PBS NewsHour. "As far as Nimotuzumab is concerned, at least in the pediatric oncology setting, there isnt any study that has been successful enough to influence the FDA to allow it [to] be licensed or approved for pediatric use in North America," Bouffet said. In a way, we are: The surfaces of our cells teem with a unique array of antigens that identify us and prevent our own immune systems, under normal circumstances, from attacking those cells. Known for: Edison and Teslas rivalry is well-known. Sure, politicized scientific issues like global climate change might instigate rancorous debate, but this smoke, though toxic in its own way, is nothing compared to the fire under which teachers, intellectuals and scientists have lived during many authoritarian regimes. Famous Hispanic Inventors or Latin Inventors The pair have attracted devoted fans that follow their shows across Havana. Photo by Rafael Perez/Reuters. Known for: Do you have a home security system? Access to culture was a principal pillar of the communist system Fidel Castro installed in Cuba. Perhaps theyll be inspired to become famous inventors themselves! But she believed that one day theyd become more widely used and became one of the earliest computer programmers. A National Geographic team has made the first ascent of the remote Mount Michael, looking for a lava lake in the volcanos crater. A new television covers the wall of an old home in Havana. Born in 1870 in Washington D.C. to a Mexican diplomat father, Mexia spent many years as a social worker before enrolling as an undergraduate at the University of California Berkeley and discovering her passion for botany.

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