Answer (1 of 7): > how and why does a plane still go down if the flak missed? Flak detonation clouds Early on during the war, two kinds of flak rounds were used. Alternate Ammunition is the generic name for special munitions launched from LRM, SRM, and MMLs. Bullet 50 feet from the plane? Casing type: 88x571R. Little priority was given to the project . The Germans used flak guns against the 82nd and allied infantry during the battles in the Ardenne. They never pooled their resources, instead each would go their own way, often siting individual radars in the same place., Two myths about flak: one it was not very effective, from an Allied point of view, and second the Allied bombing campaign against Germany created a second front siphoning off thousands of men to man the guns and robbing the German army of valuable men. . Each gun, usually of 88mm caliber, could project a shell to 20,000ft and could knock out an aircraft within 30 yards of the shell burst. The Army was suddenly extremely interested in the topic of radar, and sent Butement and Pollard to Bawdsey to form what became known as the "Army Cell". Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. One may use a timed fuse in the shell. Indeed, even before the kamikaze appeared the US Navy made major improvement to their ships AA defenses with better radar direction, improved AA directors and gunsights and most importantly, more guns. Mention has to be made of the development of gun laying radar. [citation needed] To prevent premature detonation, the inbuilt battery that armed the shell had a several millisecond delay before its electrolytes were activated, giving the projectile time to clear the area of the gun.[45]. I would point to the Luftwaffe flak defenses of the Ruhr, their larger cities like Berlin and their oil refineries. If you show up late for work for a third day, you'll probably take some flak from your coworkers they'll take verbal shots at you. Note here that the amplitude of this low frequency 'beat' signal corresponds to the amplitude of the signal reflected from the target. The bullets were at first scarce, and as a result, a mix of ball, AP, Mk IV incendiary tracer and Mk VI incendiary were used until production increased to sufficient levels. There are currently 3 Camps in the game: Camp Liberty, Vanguard Division, and Martyrs Watch. The old man was a Vietnam vet and happened to be a gunner of said Flak guns. As early as September 1939, John Cockcroft began a development effort at Pye Ltd. to develop tubes capable of withstanding these much greater forces. Vote! Many postwar histories accepted the testimony of leading figures within the Luftwaffe that ground based AA defences achieved limited success in destroying Allied bombers. Flak came into English as an abbreviation for the German word Fliegerabwehrkanone, meaning aircraft-defense gun. Question about German 3.7cm - Ask the experts - War Thunder Flak - Definition, Meaning & Synonyms | Vocabulary.com Create an account to follow your favorite communities and start taking part in conversations. At the start of The Blitz, it was estimated that it took 20,000 rounds to shoot down a single aircraft, [6] other estimates put the figure as high as 100,000[7] or as low as 2,500. Magazines contain . [67] [68]. Fine condition. As the shell approaches a reflecting object, an interference pattern is created. I think the TF2 Engineer summed it up perfectly: "How am I going to stop some big mean mother hubbard from tearing me a structurally superfluous new behind? Armor Penetration Table. They were widely used by Germany throughout the war. So the changing phase relationship between the oscillator signal and the reflected signal complicated the measurement of the amplitude of that small reflected signal. This gun served as the main armament of the Tiger I heavy tank. The same is true of bombers. There are few weapons (aside from shotguns and large game hunting rifles) which have been built that fire projectiles between .50 caliber (0.50 inches/12.7 mm, roughly 13 mm caliber) and 20mm caliber, though the 14.5 mm caliber is used by some Soviet machineguns such as the KPV and antitank rifles such as PTRS, PTRD, and . Nevertheless, it did a good job of stopping shell blasts, rocket fragments, and slow speed bullets fired at a moderate range. This film provides an in-depth look at the weapons and methods of Ger. Personal thoughts on it:Probably the cannon works with some sort of a pneumatic contraption. Built around a miniature radio transmitter and receiver, the VT fuse overcame the major disadvantage of the time and contact fuses and was capable of detecting its target and detonating within 75 feet. 'That's the least expectation' - Ben Pearson lays out ambitions at Once again enduring the strange looks at the range - "Why on earth do those idiots keep shooting cowboy boots at . It found use in both the Army and the Navy, and was employed in the defense of London. Thanks for reading my nosense about the flak cannon. Therefore, their speed is much lower and this makes them less dangerous to those on the ground. It was justifiably feared by Allied airmen, tankers, and foot soldiers because of its accuracy, lethality, and versatility. One may use a timed fuse in the shell. More American 8th Air Force aces were shot down by flak than enemy fighters.. Understanding how the shell types behave and when to use them is important to achieving optimum results in battle. The proximity fuze makes the problem simpler than the previous methods. 8,8 cm Flak 18, 36, and 37 - Panzerworld Gun batteries aboard cruiser USSCleveland(CL-55) tested proximity-fuzed ammunition against radio-controlled drone aircraft targets over Chesapeake Bay. However, you may visit "Cookie Settings" to provide a controlled consent. We directly support the repository at WW2.ORG, and several other worthwhile projects that add to the historical record. The amplitude of the reflected signal corresponded to the closeness of the target. As the saying goes, the more flak that's incoming, the more certain you can be that you are over the target. If you want to contribute, READ THIS FIRST . In World War II how did flak work - Occupation Pride The reverse side is maker marked 'A' for the manufacturing firm of Assmann. it's only used against airborne targets a cloud of tiny pellets "Shrapnel" shells, named for their inventor, are used to kill people with bits of metal even when those people are hiding behind walls, in a trench, etc. [9] A breadboard circuit was constructed and the concept was tested in the laboratory by moving a sheet of tin at various distances. [34][37][38] The use of the Doppler effect developed by this group was later incorporated in all radio proximity fuzes for bomb, rocket, and mortar applications. The cannon was fully automatic and effective against aircraft flying at altitudes up to 4,200 m. The cannon was produced in both towed and self-propelled versions. (LogOut/ So, why was the 8.8 FLAK in WW2 used by german troops against tanks? (LogOut/ All of these suffered from the large size of pre-WWII electronics and their fragility, as well as the complexity of the required circuitry. Although not intended to start fires, tracer bullets can have a mild incendiary effect. Advanced Sniper Bullet - ARK: Survival Evolved Wiki Luftwaffe flak batteries could be assigned to the army at any time and thousands were. What is the safe score in JEE Mains 2021? For security reasons, and to confuse the enemy, it was initially called 'de Wilde' ammunition, even though the design was almost entirely different from the original version. So Shrapnel is designed to explode BEFORE it hits the ground, using a timed fuse or a proximity fuse. The shell detonates and sends a flurry of ball bearings and shrapnel in all directions. The .308 is the most preferred caliber for snipers all over the world. The British shared a wide range of possible ideas for designing a fuze, including a photoelectric fuze and a radio fuze, with United States during the Tizard Mission in late 1940. https://www.quora.com/Why-cant-A-A-missiles-be-used-against-ground-targets-and-A-G-missiles-against-air-targets. By accepting all cookies, you agree to our use of cookies to deliver and maintain our services and site, improve the quality of Reddit, personalize Reddit content and advertising, and measure the effectiveness of advertising. amtifo backup camera troubleshooting. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. Heaven High, Hell Deep 1917-1918, Normal Archibald, "The Battle of Britain: Armament of the Competing Fighters", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Incendiary_ammunition&oldid=1134758731, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2021, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 20 January 2023, at 13:29. Ammunition - Official Foxhole Wiki I'm glad that diagram depicted a goose, I hope it was Canadian. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. When the target was far away, little of the oscillator's transmitted energy would be reflected to the fuze. Their first project was a revival of their original work on coast defense, but they were soon told to start a second project to develop a range-only radar to aid anti-aircraft guns.[23]. Getting that right was harder than you would think with the limited means of getting the planes altitude and speed right and they would only have a few minutes at most to do so. 56.25 degrees Back; It is unclear how the air brakes of the trailers are relevant to unlimbered guns. Flak guns were actually used against the Soviets in the defense of Berlin. When the reflected signal was in phase, the oscillator amplitude would increase and the oscillator's plate current would also increase. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. These early forms were also known as "smoke tracers" because of this. [9], Some explosive projectiles, such as high-explosive incendiary bullets, contain an incendiary charge intended to ignite explosives within the shell.[9]. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. Flak Cannon - Official Barotrauma Wiki It had a low muzzle velocity and was only accurate to about 200 yards, assuming ammunition was available to fire - which was rarely. These are enough to make up for its cons. Advanced Cannons and some simple weapons use custom shells designed by players through Ammo Controllers and customisers. Press question mark to learn the rest of the keyboard shortcuts. (Yikes! The flammable hydrogen gas of the zeppelins made incendiary bullets much more deadly than standard ones which would pass through the outer skin without igniting the gas. Weapons and Ammunition :: Empyrion - Galactic Survival General Discussions As opposed to earlier designs, the B Mark VI was a true incendiary rather than tracer ammunition. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. How did flak guns work in WW2? As these projects moved from development into prototype form in the late 1930s, Butement turned his attention to other concepts, and among these was the idea of a proximity fuse: Into this stepped W. A. S. Butement, designer of radar sets CD/CHL and GL, with a proposal on 30 October 1939 for two kinds of radio fuze: (1) a radar set would track the projectile, and the operator would transmit a signal to a radio receiver in the fuze when the range, the difficult quantity for the gunners to determine, was the same as that of the target and (2) a fuze would emit high-frequency radio waves that would interact with the target and produce, as a consequence of the high relative speed of target and projectile, a Doppler-frequency signal sensed in the oscillator.[24]. Coilgun - Official Barotrauma Wiki Our aviation shop ishereand our Twitter account here@Hush_Kit. Working with Western Electric Company and Raytheon Company, miniature hearing-aid tubes were modified to withstand this extreme stress. [14][15][16] Adm. Lewis L. Strauss wrote that, .mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 40px}.mw-parser-output .templatequote .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;padding-left:1.6em;margin-top:0}, One of the most original and effective military developments in World War II was the proximity, or 'VT', fuze. Does magical ammunition stack with a magical weapon? It was from the cannon shells and incendiary bullets that had hit my machineBullets were going between my legs, and I remember seeing a bright flash of an incendiary bullet going past my leg into the gas tankThen a little red tongue licked out inquiringly from under the gas tank in front of my feet and became a hot little bonfire in one corner of the cockpit.". The signals were in-phase one instant and out-of-phase a few hundred microseconds later. This addon should work if enabled with new game This addon should not work if spawned by "Test Location" Air Force base is the place with many beds in barracks When entering Flak Challenge zone, there will be warning messages before the challenge actually start AA guns are actually rather effective against soft ground targets, too. [5] This was adopted by British forces as the 0.303 Incendiary B Mark VI. The 20mm caliber is a specific size of cannon or autocannon ammunition. 20 mm caliber | Military Wiki | Fandom unopened, unused, Kit: UPC: : Does not apply . A particularly successful application was the 90mm shell with VT fuze with the SCR-584 automatic tracking radar and the M-9 electronic fire control computer. e Weapons. This is due to the same effect. Tanks and armor couldnt maneuver through the forest, and the Germans had secured all the roads. Berlin has repeatedly lobbied Bern to shift policy after requests for permission to send Ukraine Swiss-made ammunition acquired by Germany decades ago were denied. It examines heavy flak defences, flak over the battlefield, the failure of ship AA defences early in the war; specifically the Bismarck and the sinking of the Prince of Wales and Repulse in 1941, AA defences against the worlds first cruise missile (V-1), right up to the human guided missile that was the kamikaze in the Pacific., I was inspired after reading Edward B. Westermanns book Flak: German Anti-Aircraft Defenses 1914-1945. Due to the increase of people asking what kind of shell they should use with their gun that has X and Y stats, here is a guide to help you pick. Incendiary ammunition - Wikipedia 12.8cm FlaK 40 - Military Factory Rounds are shot into the air which then explode damaging aircraft with the explosion and shrapnel. There were a few that were specifically armoured like the Russian Il-2 and German Hs 129 ground attack aircraft to withstand light flak hits. Both AA guns and the defending fighters played a role in the defence of Guadalcanal. The probability of a direct hit on a small moving target is low; a shell that just misses the target will not explode. Thanks for reading my nosense about the flak cannon. This causes a small cycling of the radiated power and consequently the oscillator supply current of about 200800Hz, the Doppler frequency. In order to be used with gun projectiles, which experience extremely high acceleration and centrifugal forces, the fuze design also needed to utilize many shock hardening techniques. However, the phase relationship between the oscillator's transmitted signal and the signal reflected from the target varied depended on the round trip distance between the fuze and the target. US Navy development and early production was outsourced to the Wurlitzer company, at their barrel organ factory in North Tonawanda, New York.[49]. Radio frequency sensing (radar) is the main sensing principle for artillery shells. Thompson was sent to the British Air Defence Establishment based on the second of the two concepts. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. http://bit.ly/subAIRBOYD Timeless classic about anti-aircraft flak. In Germany, more than 30 (perhaps as many as 50)[19] different proximity fuze designs were developed, or researched, for anti-aircraft use, but none saw service. Vote! We grilled Donald Nijboer author of Flak in World War II, about the dreaded flak. [2] The British Royal Flying Corps forbade the use of incendiary ammunition for air-to-air combat with another airplane, as their use against personnel was at first considered to be a violation of the St. Petersburg Declaration. It used then a toroidal lens, that concentrated all light from a plane perpendicular to the missile's main axis onto a photocell. There was a variant of the Stielgranate 41 (hollowed charge, stick grenade) for the 3,7 cm Flak weapons (18, 36, 37, 43) to emergency fight back heavy armored vehicles. After so many seconds, the shell would detonate like a times bomb. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. The 88 mm gun (eighty-eight) was a German anti-aircraft and anti-tank artillery gun from World War II. I know that UT weapons aren't supposed to be something realistic, but if someone wanted to analyze for example the flak cannon, how would it do all the stuff it is supposed to do? Regular $179.99 (Save $50.00) $129.99. how does flak ammunition work - construccionesryc.cl It would have never been used in action. June 14, 2022; can you shoot someone stealing your car in florida . In many ways the term gun-laying was a misnomer when applied to the GL I. (U.S. Navy) It even potentially saved the life of one of its creators, Dr. Van Allen. Flak-How does it truly work? | WWII Forums One hopes that they were prepared for a . The 3.7 cm Flak 18/36/37/43 was a series of anti-aircraft cannon produced by Nazi Germany that saw widespread service in the Second World War. Inconvenient Truths - by Endurance - Weathering The Storm The most common type of shell contains shotround pellets of lead or steelinstead . The only Allied option was tactical infatry inserted to upset the German air defenses and provide a diversion for the larger forces to come in after. [43] The design had four or five tubes. Garrisoned defenses do not need ammunition. An American team under Admiral Harold G. Bowen, Sr. correctly deduced that the tubes were meant for experiments with proximity fuzes for bombs and rockets. [1] Incendiary bullets called "Buckingham" ammunition were supplied to early British night fighters for use against military zeppelins threatening the British Isles. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. Marines christened their new recruit "Reckless" for the work she would do in resupplying recoilless rifles, known as "reckless rifles" in Marine jargon. [13], The proximity fuze was one of the most important technological innovations of World War II. Welcome to WWII Forums! Impact and timed rounds. Flak Ammo | Drednot.io Wiki | Fandom . A contact fuze would explode when it hit the ground; it would not be very effective at scattering shrapnel. U.S. General George S. Patton credited the introduction of proximity fuzes with saving Lige and stated that their use required a revision of the tactics of land warfare. To shoot right click with the loaded gun in your hand and it should shoot. Models & Kits; Military; Dnepro Model DM3518-1/35 German 88mm FLAK 36 ammo ammo box scale model kit. Images of CAD renderings can be found below. The tables below give the armor penetration figures of the most common German guns used during the Second World War. Listed is also some of the guns captured from other countries and used by the German armed forces. Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. It was one of the most recognizable and most feared German weapons of the war. Two of the four tubes in the VT fuze were used to detect, filter, and amplify this low frequency signal. 4,000 guns were made, but they only really had value as propaganda. New comments cannot be posted and votes cannot be cast. How do flares and flare guns work? - Explain that Stuff how does flak ammunition work Answer (1 of 18): A good way of describing flak is a mid-air grenade. In December 1940, Tuve invited Harry Diamond and Wilbur S. Hinman, Jr, of the United States National Bureau of Standards (NBS) to investigate Berkner's improved fuze and develop a proximity fuze for rockets and bombs to use against the German Luftwaffe. There is a Luftwaffe flying eagle clutching a swastika in his talons at the top. [7], One fighter pilot who was shot down by incendiary ammunition while flying in the Battle of Britain describes his experience:[8].mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 40px}.mw-parser-output .templatequote .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;padding-left:1.6em;margin-top:0}, "I could smell powder smoke, hot and strong, but it didn't make me feel tough this time. Empyrion - Galactic Survival > General Discussions > Topic Details. Shortly after D-Day the Luftwaffe transferred 140 heavy batteries and 50 light flak batteries to Normandy. Anointment | Borderlands Wiki | Fandom It's called a hammer because that's how it works: like a conventional hammer driving a nail into wood, it uses a relatively large mass pushing forward onto a relatively small mass (the firing pin), so it magnifies force. What is the meaning of the word swappable? It's hard to hit a fast moving target with a bullet, which is why they use shotguns with shot ammo with a lot of small pellets inside to hunt birds, to basically have the bird fly through a rain of pellets, ensuring that at least one hits it. Incendiary ammunition is a type of ammunition that contains a chemical that, upon hitting a hard obstacle, has the characteristic of causing fire/setting flammable materials in the vicinity of the impact on fire. Eine andere -Site. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. However, British scientists were uncertain whether a fuze could be developed for anti-aircraft shells, which had to withstand much higher accelerations than rockets. Why do I stay the same weight no matter what I do? A time- or height-triggered fuze requires good prediction by the gunner and accurate timing by the fuze. The device described in World War II patent[63] works as follows: The shell contains a micro-transmitter which uses the shell body as an antenna and emits a continuous wave of roughly 180220MHz. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Change), You are commenting using your Twitter account. Flak (1944) - YouTube The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". The result was a heterodyne beat frequency which corresponded to the velocity difference. Incendiary projectiles, in particular those intended for armor penetration, are more effective if they explode after penetrating a surface layer, such that they explode inside the target. Ammunition available: HE-T, HE-I, HEI-T, AP-T, Minengescho, Stielgranate The explosive power, coupled with the flash on impact which guided their aim, was much appreciated by pilots. Most, if not all, of the histories deal with the great air battles strictly in terms of aircraft vs. aircraft; the great fighter aces and how many bombers were shot down by Spitfires, Bf 109s, Fw 190s and Me 110 and Ju 88 night-fighters.

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